苯加氢烷基化制环己基苯催化剂的制备与工艺条件的考察

采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni-Cu/Hβ双功能催化剂,采用XRD、N2吸附-脱附、TEM和NH3-TPD方法对催化剂进行了表征,并将其用于催化苯加氢烷基化制备环己基苯的反应,考察了催化剂的制备条件(Ni负载量、Ni和Cu的来源、助催化剂的种类)和反应条件(反应时间、反应温度、氢气压力、催化剂用量)对反应的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的催化剂制备条件和反应条件为:Ni和Cu的来源分别为乙酸镍和硝酸铜、负载量分别为4%(w)和0.2%(w);反应温度210℃、氢气压力2 MPa、反应时间1 h、催化剂用量5%(w)(基于苯的质量)。在此条件下,苯的转化率可达57.74%,环己基苯的选择性可达71.38%。催化剂的金属活性位和酸性是苯加氢烷基化的关键因素。     

建筑施工安全管理探究

伴随着建筑业市场的繁荣,建筑业给施工本身带来相应的问题。建筑施工安全的管理就是建筑业面临的问题,建筑施工的安全是建筑施工有效顺利进行的前提和保障,充分体现了管理者的能力。本文将就建筑施工安全管理进行探究,提出浅见。     

国家网球馆“钻石球场”开合屋盖结构设计

国家网球馆是一座带有开合屋盖的现代大型体育场馆。在设计中提出开合屋盖的性能指标与设计荷载取值方法。屋盖开合状态对风荷载敏感,需要通过风洞试验确定风压分布与脉动特性。活动屋盖运行过程中台车反力不断变化,需要通过对其移动过程分析,找出最不利位置。研究了各种开合位置的结构动力特性,采用时程法与振型分解反应谱法分析活动屋盖在多遇地震作用下的响应。此外,在活动屋盖移动对固定屋盖轨道桁架变形影响分析的基础上,提出一种适用于圆形平面带矩形洞口结构的起拱曲面方程。     

Effect of natural aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 7050-T7451 joints

The microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 2.5 mm 7050-77451 aluminum alloy natural aging 72 h and 17 520 h were investigated,respectively.The uniaxial tensile test showed that yield strength,tensile strength and elongation of the joints 17 520 h natural aging were about 20%,12%and 24%higher than those joints natural aging72 h.Hardness profile of natural aging 17 520 h joint witnessed significant enhancement in nugget zone,compared with 72 h natural aging.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) test revealed that more Guinier-Preston zone,η' and η phase emerged in nugget zone as natural aging duration increased,high density of dislocation located within grain boundary in nugget zone of joints natural aging 72 h.It is concluded that natural aging was feasible to enhance strength and plasticity of FSW joints simultaneously.     

低应变瞬态荷载作用下基桩动力响应解析解

目前广泛采用的基桩低应变检测问题的理论基础是基于平截面假定的一维应力波理论。而实际上,锤击产生的应力波是三维应力波,不仅沿桩身纵向传播,还沿径向传播,对于基桩低应变检测问题平截面假定实际上是不成立的。此时,一维纵波传播问题转换为应力波沿三维柱体传播问题。文章从基桩三维理论出发,忽略桩土径向位移,考虑桩体中应力波沿纵向和径向传播与桩土的相互作用,建立三维条件下桩土系统瞬态振动计算模型,推导得到低应变瞬态荷载作用下基桩三维动力响应的解析解,以期为基桩低应变检测提供新的理论指导。     

宽条带与离层注浆开采地表移动计算

本文根据宽条带与离层注浆联合开采的工程实践,推导了该种采矿方法地表移动理论计算公式,从理论上完善了该项技术,为更好地推广该技术打下理论基础.     

Synthesis,film morphology,and performance on cotton substrates of dodecyl/piperazine functional polysiloxane

A novel polysiloxane bearing dodecyl and epoxy side groups (DESO) was synthesized as an intermediate through hydrosilylation of polymethylhydrosiloxane with allyl glycidyl ether and 1‐dodecene. Then, dodecyl/piperazine functional polysiloxane (DPSO) was prepared through the reaction of N‐aminoethylpiperazine with DESO. The chemical structure of DPSO was characterized with FTIR and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy and its application performance on cotton fabrics was studied. DPSO with dodecyl side groups gifted the treated fabrics with good wettability and whiteness compared with piperazine functional polysiloxane, while with a slightly reduced softness as well as thickening handle. Film morphology, orientation, and performance on cotton substrates of DPSO were investigated by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron microscope, and so on. Affected by the dodecyl side groups, DPSO formed relatively hydrophilic, macroscopically smooth but actually uneven films with many dodecyl side chain pillars on the treated substrate surfaces. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40186.     

Rheological studies of hyaluronan solutions based on the scaling law and constitutive models

We have investigated the scaling relationship between rheological behavior and concentration for both salt-free and saline solutions of hyaluronan (HA), and adopted three viscoelastic constitutive models to predict the linear/non-linear viscoelastic behavior of these aqueous solutions of HA with different molecular weights at different concentrations up to 20 mg/ml. A series of concentration equations are obtained to describe the influence of HA concentration on solution viscosity. Corresponding to dilute and semi-dilute concentration region, salt-free HA solutions have scaling relationship between specific viscosity and HA concentration as η_sp ∼ c^1.0 and η_sp ∼ c^3.5, respectively, while for 0.15 M NaCl HA solutions, the scaling exponents are 1.5 and 4.2, respectively. Simulation results indicate that these constitutive models have good applicability to describe quantitatively the rheological properties of HA entangled solutions under either dynamic or steady shear flow. In addition, the plateau modulus scaling of HA solutions can be well described by the concentration-dependent length scale.     

Preparation and characterization of single crystalline In2O3 films deposited on MgO (110) substrates by MOCVD

Epitaxial indium oxide (In₂O₃) films have been prepared on MgO (110) substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The deposition temperature varies from 500 °C to 700 °C. The films deposited at each temperature display a cube-on-cube orientation relation with respect to the substrate. The In₂O₃ film deposited at 600 °C exhibits the best crystalline quality. A clear epitaxial relationship of In₂O₃ (110)|MgO (110) with In₂O₃ [001]|MgO [001] has been observed from the interface area between the film and the substrate. The average transmittance of the prepared films in the visible range is over 95%. The band gap of the obtained In₂O₃ films is about 3.55–3.70 eV.     

环氧固化剂硫脲改性四乙烯五胺的合成及性能研究

用硫脲改性四乙烯五胺合成了环氧树脂固化剂。通过测量初凝时间和接触角,讨论了反应时间、合成温度和单体投料比对固化剂性能的影响。通过热效应法考查了固化剂与环氧树脂的最佳配比。实验结果表明,反应时间为3 h,反应温度为130℃,四乙烯五胺与硫脲的质量比为1.4∶1时,合成的固化剂较好。当m固化剂∶m环氧=1∶4时,胶粘剂能在-5℃/8 d内固化,有效提高固化体系在低温下的固化能力。